positivism

Positivism: 英汉词典定义与分析

“Positivism”一词源于拉丁语，主要指一种哲学观点，强调通过科学和实证方法获取知识。它通常被视为一个名词，表示这一哲学流派，但在某些情况下可以作为形容词使用，描述与这一哲学相关的事物。

词语辨析

在词义上，“positivism”作为名词，指的是一种哲学或理论体系；而作为形容词时，通常用来修饰与这一哲学相关的概念或方法。

词汇扩充

• Positivist (名词/形容词): 拥护或信奉实证主义的人或与实证主义相关的事物

• Empiricism (名词): 经验主义，强调经验和观察的重要性，常与实证主义相提并论

近义词

• Empiricism (经验主义)

• Scientism (科学主义)

• Realism (现实主义)

反义词

• Idealism (唯心主义)

• Skepticism (怀疑主义)

柯林斯词典与牛津词典定义

• 柯林斯词典: Positivism is a philosophical theory which asserts that genuine knowledge is exclusively derived from the positive affirmation of theories through strict scientific method.

• 牛津词典: Positivism is a philosophical system that holds that knowledge is based on natural phenomena and their properties and relations, and that knowledge should be derived from scientific observation.

用法

在学术写作和哲学讨论中，“positivism”常常与其他哲学流派进行对比，强调实证主义对科学研究的影响。

例句

• Many scientists adopt a positivist approach to their research, believing that only observable phenomena are valid.

  许多科学家采用实证主义的方法进行研究，认为只有可观察的现象才是有效的。

• The positivism movement greatly influenced the development of social sciences.

  实证主义运动极大地影响了社会科学的发展。

• Critics argue that positivism overlooks the subjective aspects of human experience.

  批评者认为实证主义忽视了人类经验的主观方面。

• He is known for his positivist theories on the nature of reality.

  他以其关于现实本质的实证主义理论而闻名。

• In philosophy, positivism is often contrasted with idealism.

  在哲学中，实证主义常常与唯心主义形成对比。

• Positivist philosophers emphasize the importance of scientific evidence in establishing truth.

  实证主义哲学家强调科学证据在确立真理中的重要性。

• The positivist view has been challenged by various postmodern theories.

  实证主义观点受到各种后现代理论的挑战。

• Some argue that positivism can lead to a neglect of ethics in scientific inquiry.

  有人认为实证主义可能导致在科学研究中忽视伦理。

• His research is grounded in positivist principles, focusing on measurable outcomes.

  他的研究基于实证主义原则，专注于可测量的结果。

• Many educational reforms are inspired by positivist theories of learning.

  许多教育改革受到实证主义学习理论的启发。

• Positivism asserts that all meaningful statements are either a priori propositions or empirically verifiable.

  实证主义主张所有有意义的陈述要么是先验命题，要么是经验可验证的。

• The rise of positivism in the 19th century marked a shift in philosophical thought.

  19世纪实证主义的兴起标志着哲学思想的转变。

• He wrote extensively on positivist methodologies in social research.

  他在社会研究中的实证主义方法上写了大量文章。

• Positivist theories often rely on quantitative data for analysis.

  实证主义理论通常依赖于定量数据进行分析。

• Understanding positivism is crucial for students of social sciences.

  理解实证主义对社会科学的学生至关重要。

• Positivism encourages researchers to focus on observable facts rather than speculation.

  实证主义鼓励研究者关注可观察的事实，而不是推测。

• Some scholars believe that positivism leads to a reductionist view of complex phenomena.

  一些学者认为实证主义导致对复杂现象的还原主义看法。

• The decline of positivism in recent years reflects a growing recognition of the limits of scientific explanation.

  近年来实证主义的衰退反映了对科学解释局限性的日益认识。

• Her dissertation explores the impact of positivist philosophy on modern sociology.

  她的论文探讨了实证主义哲学对现代社会学的影响。